Gynecomastia is a condition of overdeveloped or enlarged breasts in men that can occur at any age. The condition can be the result of hormonal changes, heredity, obesity or the use of certain drugs.

Gynecomastia is characterized by excess localized fat, excess glandular tissue development, sometimes excess breast skin unilaterally or bilaterally.

Gynecomastia can cause emotional discomfort and impair self-confidence. Some men may even avoid certain physical activities and intimacy simply to hide their condition.

In severe cases of gynecomastia, the weight of excess breast tissue may cause the breasts to sag and stretch the areola. In these cases the position and size of the areola can be surgically improved and excess skin may be reduced.
Gynecomastia surgery reduces breast size in men, flattening and enhancing the chest contours (reduction mammoplasty).

The procedure 

Male reduction mammoplasty can be done under intravenous sedation or general anesthesia.

Liposuction technique

In cases where gynecomastia is primarily the result of excess fatty tissue, liposuction techniques alone may be used. This requires insertion of a cannula, a thin hollow tube, through several small incisions.
The cannula is moved back and forth in a controlled motion to loosen the excess fat, which is then removed from the body by vacuum suction.

Excision technique

Excision techniques are recommended where glandular breast tissue or excess skin must be removed to correct gynecomastia. Excision also is necessary if the areola will be reduced or the nipple will be repositioned to a more natural male contour. Incision patterns vary depending on the specific conditions and surgical preference.

Combination of liposuction & excision techniques

Sometimes gynecomastia is treated with both liposuction and excision.

Recovery

During gynecomastia surgery recovery period, dressings or bandages will be applied to incisions and an elastic bandage or support garment may be used to minimize swelling and support new chest contour as it heals after surgery.
A small, thin tube may be temporarily placed under the skin to drain any excess blood or fluid that may collect.
Resume to normal activity and exercise is possible after 3-4 days.
The final results of gynecomastia surgery are permanent in many cases. However, if gynecomastia resulted from the use of certain prescription medications, drugs (including steroids) or weight gain you must be fully free from these substances and remain at a stable weight in order to maintain your results.
The final results of gynecomastia surgery may take 3-6 months to achieve. Incision lines are permanent, but will continue to fade over time.